DivhaZwkale Ya MPHAPHULI

 The Mphaphulis are the Singos. During King Thohoyandou’s reign, the Venda high priest (Tshifhe) was Gole, the founder of the Mphaphuli house. Oral history has it that Gole was nicknamed Mphaphuli due to the fact that, when in combat, he used to chop enemies to pieces. People praised him by saying that “Gole u phaphula maswina” (Gole chops enemies). People started calling him Muphaphuli. This was later corrupted to Mphaphuli.

During King Thohoyandou’s reign, the Vhavenda kingdom was divided into different chiefdoms ruled by people from the Singo clan appointed by Thohoyandou. This was done to entrench and consolidate Thohoyandou’s hegemony over the entire nation. Munzhedzi Mpofu, Thohoyandou’s son, occupied the southwestern flank of Venda with a base at Songozwi (present day Makhado town). Tshisevhe, Thohoyandou’s brother, occupied the Mutale valley with a base at Makonde. Raluswielo (Tshivhase), who was also Thohoyandou’s brother, occupied the central highlands flanks with its base at Phiphidi. Tshilala Mphaphuli, Gole’s son, occupied the south-eastern flank with its base at Tshitomboni. Tshilala was given the responsibility of protecting the kingdom from invaders from the south-east.

The Singo tradition has it that King Thohoyandou disappeared without a trace in 1770. It was believed that he had gone to Vhukalanga (Zimbabwe), the land of his forefathers. Tshisevhe, Thohoyandou’s brother, was installed as acting king. It was believed that Thohoyandou would come back. It later transpired that Thohoyandou had died. But Tshisevhe refused to step down as acting king, and this led to a conflict between him and Thohoyandou’s son, Munzhedzi Mpofu.

Tshisevhe was defeated in the war of succession and was assassinated by Munzhedzi Mpofu. Tshisevhe’s son, Ravhura, fled to Makonde after his father was assassinated in the war of succession. Munzhedzi Mpofu became the new king of Venda. But Raluswielo (Tshivhase), who was at Dopeni, wanted the kingship. He attempted to return to Dzata to usurp the throne. Raluswielo, just like Tshisevhe, was defeated by Munzhedzi Mpofu.

Tshilala Mphaphuli

After Tshisevhe’s assassination, Tshilala decided not to get involved in the war of succession. He stayed at Tshitomboni and decided not to have anything to do with the events at Dzata. But he later left Tshitomboni to settle at Miluwani. Tshilala settled at Miluwani because he was afraid that the Ramabulanas would attack him at Tshitomboni. Tshilala later moved from Miluwani to Mbilwi.

From Madadzhe to Musiiwa Mphaphuli

Tshilala’s children, Matshifhahula, Ratsibi, and Madadzhe, fought for the throne after Tshilala’s death. Madadzhe fled to Tshififi village, and invited mercenaries from Ga-Sekhukhune to help him dislodge Matshifhahula from Mbilwi. The mercenaries were led by a guy called Malema. Matshifhahula lost the battle for the throne and fled to Ha-Tshivhasa. Madadzhe became the new Khosi of Ha-Mphaphuli. Madadzhe told Malema’s mercenaries to take with them Matshifhahula’s cattle. The killing of Matshifhahula’s supporters and the taking of their cattle by Malema led to Matshifhahula’s supporters composing the following popular Tshivenda song:

 

“Iwe nkuku wee
Tshiņoni tsha nkuku
Kholomo dzi a ţuwa
Tshiņoni tsha nkuku
Dzi ţuwa na vhafhio?
Tshiņoni tsha nkuku
Dzi ţuwa na Malema
Tshiņoni tsha nkuku
Malema madyavhathu
Tshiņoni tsha nkuku
Tserere nda luma ndila
Tshiņoni tsha nkuku
Tserere nda goba-
goba Tshiņoni tsha nkuku”.

The song laments the fact that the cattle are being snatched by Malema the cannibal.

Madadzhe was killed at Tshakhuma by Madzivhandila’s warriors after he went to Tshakhuma with the intention of snatching Khosi Madzivhandila’s wife. It is said that Madzivhandila’s wife was extremely beautiful and Madadzhe wanted her for himself. Madadzhe was succeeded by his brother Ratsibi. Ratsibi was succeded by Tshikalange. Tshikalange was succeeded by Makwarela.